You are not the only person that this has happened to. In fact, I was watching a show recently about the most unusual things dogs have injested. The veterinarians were all recounting their most unusual cases. From coins, to large fish hooks, to wedding rings....if a dog could swallow it, it did.
Due to the sharpness of a razor, I would also feel more at ease with a quick x-ray. They may not even have to put him under. I would hate to think what it could do on the way out.
I am sure you have beaten yourself up enough over this. Good luck and let us know how it turns out.